fleet/docs/Using Fleet/MDM-macOS-setup-experience.md

macOS setup experience

Available in Fleet Premium

In Fleet, you can customize the out-of-the-box macOS setup experience for your end users:

• Require end users to authenticate with your identity provider (IdP) and agree to an end user license agreement (EULA) before they can use their new Mac.

• Customize the macOS Setup Assistant by choosing to show or hide specific panes.

• Install a bootstrap package to gain full control over the setup experience by installing tools like Puppet, Munki, DEP notify, custom scripts, and more.

In addition to the customization above, Fleet automatically installs the fleetd agent during out-of-the-box macOS setup. This agent is responsible for reporting host vitals to Fleet and presenting Fleet Desktop to the end user.

MacOS setup features require connecting Fleet to Apple Business Manager (ABM). Learn how here.

End user authentication and EULA

Using Fleet, you can require end users to authenticate with your identity provider (IdP) and agree to an end user license agreement (EULA) before they can use their new Mac.

To require end user authentication, we will do the following steps:

1. Connect Fleet to your IdP
2. Upload a EULA to Fleet (optional)
3. Enable end user authentication

Step 1: connect Fleet to your IdP

Fleet UI:

1. Head to the Settings > Integrations > Automatic enrollment page.

2. Under End user authentication, enter your IdP credentials and select Save.

If you've already configured single sign-on (SSO) for logging in to Fleet, you'll need to create a separate app in your IdP so your end users can't log in to Fleet. In this separate app, use "https://fleetserver.com/api/v1/fleet/mdm/sso/callback" for the SSO URL.

fleetctl CLI:

1. Create a fleet-config.yaml file or add to your existing config YAML file:

apiVersion: v1
kind: config
spec:
  mdm:
    end_user_authentication:
      identity_provider_name: "Okta"
      entity_id: "https://fleetserver.com"
      issuer_url: "https://okta-instance.okta.com/84598y345hjdsshsfg/sso/saml/metadata"
      metadata_url: "https://okta-instance.okta.com/84598y345hjdsshsfg/sso/saml/metadata"
  ...

2. Fill in the relevant information from your IdP under the mdm.end_user_authentication key.

3. Run the fleetctl apply -f fleet-config.yml command to add your IdP credentials.

4. Confirm that your IdP credentials were saved by running fleetctl get config.

Step 2: upload a EULA to Fleet

1. Head to the Settings > Integrations > Automatic enrollment page.

2. Under End user license agreement (EULA), select Upload and choose your EULA.

Uploading a EULA is optional. If you don't upload a EULA, the end user will skip this step and continue to the next step of the new Mac setup experience after they authenticate with your IdP.

Step 3: enable end user authentication

You can enable end user authentication using the Fleet UI or fleetctl command-line tool.

Fleet UI:

1. Head to the Controls > macOS settings > macOS setup > End user authentication page.

2. Choose which team you want to enable end user authentication for by selecting the desired team in the teams dropdown in the upper left corner.

3. Select the On checkbox and select Save.

fleetctl CLI:

1. Choose which team you want to enable end user authentication on.

   In this example, we'll enable end user authentication on the "Workstations (canary)" team so that the authentication is only required for hosts that automatically enroll to this team.

2. Create a workstations-canary-config.yaml file:

apiVersion: v1
kind: team
spec:
  team:
    name: Workstations (canary)
    mdm:
      macos_setup:
        enable_end_user_authentication: true
    ...

Learn more about team configurations options here.

If you want to enable authentication on hosts that automatically enroll to "No team," we'll need to create a fleet-config.yaml file:

apiVersion: v1
kind: config
spec:
  mdm:
    macos_setup:
      enable_end_user_authentication: true
  ...

Learn more about "No team" configuration options here.

3. Add an mdm.macos_setup.enable_end_user_authentication key to your YAML document. This key accepts a boolean value.

4. Run the fleetctl apply -f workstations-canary-config.yml command to enable authentication for this team.

5. Confirm that end user authentication is enabled by running the fleetctl get teams --name=Workstations --yaml command.

If you enabled authentication on "No team," run fleetctl get config.

You should see a true value for mdm.macos_setup.enable_end_user_authentication.

Bootstrap package

Fleet supports installing a bootstrap package on macOS hosts that automatically enroll to Fleet.

This enables installing tools like Puppet, Munki, or Chef for configuration management and/or running custom scripts and installing tools like DEP notify to customize the setup experience for your end users.

The following are examples of what some organizations deploy using a bootstrap package:

• Munki client to install and keep software up to date on your Macs

• Puppet agent to run custom scripts on your Macs

• Custom scripts and several packages bundled into one bootstrap package using a tool like InstallApplications to install a base set of applications, set the Mac's background, and install the latest macOS update for the end user.

To add a bootstrap package to Fleet, we will do the following steps:

1. Download or generate a package
2. Sign the package
3. Upload the package to Fleet
4. Confirm package is uploaded

Step 1: download or generate a package

Whether you have to download or generate a package depends on what you want to deploy using your bootstrap package:

• A single client or agent, like Munki or Puppet, can usually be downloaded from the tool's GitHub repository or website. For example, you can download Munki, the Munki client on their releases page on GitHub.

• To deploy custom scripts, you need to generate a package. The munkipkg tool is a popular tool for generating packages.

Apple requires that your package is a distribution package. Verify that the package is a distribution package:

1. Run the following commands to expand your package and look at the files in the expanded folder:

$ pkgutil --expand package.pkg expanded-package
$ ls expanded-package

If your package is a distribution package you should see a Distribution file.

2. If you don't see a Distribution file, run the following command to convert your package into a distribution package.

$ productbuild --package package.pkg distrbution-package.pkg

Make sure your package is a .pkg file.

Step 2: sign the package

To sign the package we need a valid Developer ID Installer certificate:

1. Login to your Apple Developer account.
2. Follow Apple's instructions to create a Developer ID Installer certificate here.

During step 3 in Apple's instructions, make sure you choose "Developer ID Installer." You'll need this kind of certificate to sign the package.

Confirm that certificate is installed on your Mac by opening the Keychain Access application. You should see your certificate in the Certificates tab.

3. Run the following command in the Terminal application to sign your package with your Developer ID certificate:

$ productsign --sign "Developer ID Installer: Your name (Serial number)" /path/to/package.pkg /path/to/signed-package.pkg

You might be prompted to enter the password for your local account.

Confirm that your package is signed by running the following command:

$ pkgutil --check-signature /path/to/signed-package.pkg

In the output you should see that your package has a "signed" status.

Step 3: upload the package to Fleet

Fleet UI:

1. Head to the Controls > macOS settings > macOS setup > Bootstrap package page.

2. Choose which team you want to add the bootstrap package to by selecting the desired team in the teams dropdown in the upper left corner.

3. Select Upload and choose your bootstrap package.

fleetctl CLI:

1. Upload the package to a storage location (ex. S3 or GitHub). During step 4, Fleet will retrieve the package from this storage location and host it for deployment.

The URL must be accessible by the computer that uploads the package to Fleet. This could be your local computer or the computer that runs your CI/CD workflow.

2. Choose which team you want to add the bootstrap package to.

In this example, we'll add a bootstrap package to the "Workstations (canary)" team so that the package only gets installed on hosts that automatically enroll to this team.

3. Create a workstations-canary-config.yaml file:

apiVersion: v1
kind: team
spec:
  team:
    name: Workstations (canary)
    mdm:
      macos_setup:
        bootstrap_package: https://github.com/organinzation/repository/bootstrap-package.pkg
    ...

Learn more about team configurations options here.

If you want to install the package on hosts that automatically enroll to "No team," we'll need to create a fleet-config.yaml file:

apiVersion: v1
kind: config
spec:
  mdm:
    macos_setup:
      bootstrap_package: https://github.com/organinzation/repository/bootstrap-package.pkg
  ...

Learn more about "No team" configuration options here.

3. Add an mdm.macos_setup.bootstrap_package key to your YAML document. This key accepts the URL for the storage location of the bootstrap package.

4. Run the fleetctl apply -f workstations-canary-config.yml command to upload your bootstrap package to Fleet.

5. Confirm that your bootstrap package was uploaded to Fleet by running the fleetctl get teams --name=Workstations --yaml command.

If you uploaded the package to "No team," run fleetctl get config.

You should see the URL for your bootstrap package as the value for mdm.macos_setup.bootstrap_package.

macOS Setup Assistant

When an end user unboxes their new Mac, or starts up a freshly wiped Mac, they're presented with the macOS Setup Assistant. Here they see panes that allow them to configure accessibility, appearance, and more.

In Fleet, you can customize the macOS Setup Assistant by using an automatic enrollment profile.

To customize the macOS Setup Assistant, we will do the following steps:

1. Create an automatic enrollment profile
2. Upload the profile to Fleet
3. Test the custom macOS Setup Assistant

Step 1: create an automatic enrollment profile

1. Download Fleet's example automatic enrollment profile by navigating to the example here on GitHub and clicking the download icon.

2. Open the automatic enrollment profile and replace the profile_name key with your organization's name.

3. View the the list of macOS Setup Assistant properties (panes) here in Apple's Device Management documentation and choose which panes to hide from your end users.

4. In your automatic enrollment profile, edit the skip_setup_items array so that it includes the panes you want to hide.

You can modify properties other than skip_setup_items. These are documented by Apple here.

Step 2: upload the profile to Fleet

1. Choose which team you want to add the automatic enrollment profile to.

In this example, let's assume you have a "Workstations" team as your default team in Fleet and you want to test your profile before it's used in production.

To do this, we'll create a new "Workstations (canary)" team and add the automatic enrollment profile to it. Only hosts that automatically enroll to this team will see the custom macOS Setup Assistant.

2. Create a workstations-canary-config.yaml file:

apiVersion: v1
kind: team
spec:
  team:
    name: Workstations (canary)
    mdm:
      macos_setup:
        macos_setup_assistant: ./path/to/automatic_enrollment_profile.json
    ...

Learn more about team configurations options here.

If you want to customize the macOS Setup Assistant for hosts that automatically enroll to "No team," we'll need to create a fleet-config.yaml file:

apiVersion: v1
kind: config
spec:
  mdm:
    macos_setup:
      macos_setup_assistant: ./path/to/automatic_enrollment_profile.json
  ...

Learn more about configuration options for hosts that aren't assigned to a team here.

3. Add an mdm.macos_setup.macos_setup_assistant key to your YAML document. This key accepts a path to your automatic enrollment profile.

4. Run the fleetctl apply -f workstations-canary-config.yml command to upload the automatic enrollment profile to Fleet.

Step 3: test the custom macOS Setup Assistant

Testing requires a test Mac that is present in your Apple Business Manager (ABM) account. We will wipe this Mac and use it to test the custom macOS Setup Assistant.

1. Wipe the test Mac by selecting the Apple icon in top left corner of the screen, selecting System Settings or System Preference, and searching for "Erase all content and settings." Select Erase All Content and Settings.

2. In Fleet, navigate to the Hosts page and find your Mac. Make sure that the host's MDM status is set to "Pending."

New Macs purchased through Apple Business Manager appear in Fleet with MDM status set to "Pending." Learn more about these hosts here.

3. Transfer this host to the "Workstations (canary)" team by selecting the checkbox to the left of the host and selecting Transfer at the top of the table. In the modal, choose the Workstations (canary) team and select Transfer.

4. Boot up your test Mac and complete the custom out-of-the-box setup experience.