This PR is part of what will be an ongoing effort to use explicit
unicode strings in Salt. Because Python 3 does not suport Python 2's raw
unicode string syntax (i.e. `ur'\d+'`), we must use
`salt.utils.locales.sdecode()` to ensure that the raw string is unicode.
However, because of how `salt/utils/__init__.py` has evolved into the
hulking monstrosity it is today, this means importing a large module in
places where it is not needed, which could negatively impact
performance. For this reason, this PR also breaks out some of the
functions from `salt/utils/__init__.py` into new/existing modules under
`salt/utils/`. The long term goal will be that the modules within this
directory do not depend on importing `salt.utils`.
A summary of the changes in this PR is as follows:
* Moves the following functions from `salt.utils` to new locations
(including a deprecation warning if invoked from `salt.utils`):
`to_bytes`, `to_str`, `to_unicode`, `str_to_num`, `is_quoted`,
`dequote`, `is_hex`, `is_bin_str`, `rand_string`,
`contains_whitespace`, `clean_kwargs`, `invalid_kwargs`, `which`,
`which_bin`, `path_join`, `shlex_split`, `rand_str`, `is_windows`,
`is_proxy`, `is_linux`, `is_darwin`, `is_sunos`, `is_smartos`,
`is_smartos_globalzone`, `is_smartos_zone`, `is_freebsd`, `is_netbsd`,
`is_openbsd`, `is_aix`
* Moves the functions already deprecated by @rallytime to the bottom of
`salt/utils/__init__.py` for better organization, so we can keep the
deprecated ones separate from the ones yet to be deprecated as we
continue to break up `salt.utils`
* Updates `salt/*.py` and all files under `salt/client/` to use explicit
unicode string literals.
* Gets rid of implicit imports of `salt.utils` (e.g. `from salt.utils
import foo` becomes `import salt.utils.foo as foo`).
* Renames the `test.rand_str` function to `test.random_hash` to more
accurately reflect what it does
* Modifies `salt.utils.stringutils.random()` (née `salt.utils.rand_string()`)
such that it returns a string matching the passed size. Previously
this function would get `size` bytes from `os.urandom()`,
base64-encode it, and return the result, which would in most cases not
be equal to the passed size.
The libvirt-python package is required to run salt-cloud against libvirt/KVM hosts. If it is not installed on the machine running salt-cloud, the crytic error below is all there is to go by:
```
[WARNING ] The cloud driver, 'libvirt', configured under the 'hagrid' cloud provider alias, could not be loaded. Please check your provider configuration files and ensure all required dependencies are installed for the 'libvirt' driver.
In rare cases, this could indicate the 'libvirt.get_configured_provider()' function could not be found.
Removing 'libvirt' from the available providers list
```
This option allows users to specify a list of shell commands that should
be executed on the VM right before the bootstrap script runs (or whatever
deploy script is set).
