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# Лекция по основам работы с docker
> Hints:
> - презентация сделана на [backslide](https://sinedied.github.io/backslide/#1). [Инстурция](https://sinedied.github.io/backslide/#3) по запуску [онлайн презентации](http://localhost:4101/presentation.html#1).
> - В качестве примера приложения в презентации используется [пустое erlang приложение](example/), сгенерированное из стандартного _rebar3_ шаблона:
> ```erlang
> rebar3 new release name="<app_name>"
> ```

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.rebar3
_*
.eunit
*.o
*.beam
*.plt
*.swp
*.swo
.erlang.cookie
ebin
log
erl_crash.dump
.rebar
logs
_build
.idea
*.iml
rebar3.crashdump

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# Compilaton and testing
FROM erlang:21.0 as build
COPY ./ /build
WORKDIR /build
RUN rebar3 compile
RUN rebar3 do eunit, ct
RUN rm -rf _build/default/rel
RUN rebar3 release
# Make an app image
FROM erlang:21.0
WORKDIR /opt/dummy_docker
COPY --from=build /build/_build/default/rel/dummy_docker .
CMD bin/dummy_docker foreground

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dummy_docker
=====
An OTP application
Build
-----
$ rebar3 compile

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{application, dummy_docker,
[{description, "An OTP application"},
{vsn, "0.1.0"},
{registered, []},
{mod, { dummy_docker_app, []}},
{applications,
[kernel,
stdlib
]},
{env,[]},
{modules, []},
{maintainers, []},
{licenses, ["Apache 2.0"]},
{links, []}
]}.

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%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
%% @doc dummy_docker public API
%% @end
%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
-module(dummy_docker_app).
-behaviour(application).
%% Application callbacks
-export([start/2, stop/1]).
%%====================================================================
%% API
%%====================================================================
start(_StartType, _StartArgs) ->
dummy_docker_sup:start_link().
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
stop(_State) ->
ok.
%%====================================================================
%% Internal functions
%%====================================================================

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%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
%% @doc dummy_docker top level supervisor.
%% @end
%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
-module(dummy_docker_sup).
-behaviour(supervisor).
%% API
-export([start_link/0]).
%% Supervisor callbacks
-export([init/1]).
-define(SERVER, ?MODULE).
%%====================================================================
%% API functions
%%====================================================================
start_link() ->
supervisor:start_link({local, ?SERVER}, ?MODULE, []).
%%====================================================================
%% Supervisor callbacks
%%====================================================================
%% Child :: #{id => Id, start => {M, F, A}}
%% Optional keys are restart, shutdown, type, modules.
%% Before OTP 18 tuples must be used to specify a child. e.g.
%% Child :: {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules}
init([]) ->
{ok, { {one_for_all, 0, 1}, []} }.
%%====================================================================
%% Internal functions
%%====================================================================

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[
{ dummy_docker, []}
].

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-sname dummy_docker
-setcookie dummy_docker_cookie
+K true
+A30

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version: "3"
services:
dummy:
build: ./
#command: ping db
depends_on:
- db
db:
image: redis

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{erl_opts, [debug_info]}.
{deps, []}.
{relx, [{release, { dummy_docker, "0.1.0" },
[dummy_docker,
sasl]},
{sys_config, "./config/sys.config"},
{vm_args, "./config/vm.args"},
{dev_mode, false},
{include_erts, true},
{extended_start_script, true}]
}.
{profiles, [{prod, [{relx, [{dev_mode, false},
{include_erts, true}]}]
}]
}.

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[].

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title: Docker basics hands-on
class: animation-fade
layout: true
<!-- This slide will serve as the base layout for all your slides -->
.bottom-bar[
{{title}}
]
---
class: impact
# {{title}}
---
# Что такое Docker
<img src="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1400/1*9eqkIxHnho9ny2Tym5-I-w.jpeg" style="height:400px; float:right"/>
--
## Инфраструктура для
- упаковки
- хранения
- доставки
- запуска
- оркестрации
## приложений
---
# На чем это строится
--
- _Контейнеризация_ - виртуализация на уровне операционной системы Linux
- Контейнеры используют общее ядро операционной системы
- Изоляция с помощью [cgroups](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cgroups) и [namespaces](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_namespaces)
---
# Основные понятия
--
<img src="https://docs.docker.com/engine/images/architecture.svg" style="height:450px; float:right"/>
- Container
- Image
- Layer
- Docker host
- Docker registry
---
class: impact
# Практика
---
# Работа с контейнерами
--
Запустить ubuntu контейнер и зайти в bash в интерактивном режиме:
```shell
$ docker run -it ubuntu /bin/bash
```
--
То же, но примонтировав текущую хостовую дирректорию, причем, по одноименному пути:
```shell
$ docker run --rm -i -t -v "$PWD":"$PWD" --workdir "$PWD" ubuntu /bin/bash
```
--
Выполнить команду в новом процессе уже запущенного контейнера, например интерактивно зайти в новый bash шелл:
```shell
$ docker exec -it <container id | name> /bin/bash
```
---
# Работа с контейнерами
Посмотреть все запущенные контейнеры:
```shell
$ docker ps
```
--
Посмотреть все созданные контейнеры, включая незапущенные:
```shell
$ docker ps -a
```
Удалить контейнер (флаг `-f`: _forse_ удаление, даже запущенного контейнера):
```shell
$ docker rm <container id | name>
```
---
# Работа с образами
--
Посмотреть все образы на локальном docker host:
```shell
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
ubuntu latest 16508e5c265d 7 days ago 84.1MB
```
--
Скачать новый образ:
```shell
$ docker pull hello-world:latest
```
```shell
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
ubuntu latest 16508e5c265d 7 days ago 84.1MB
hello-world latest 2cb0d9787c4d 7 weeks ago 1.85kB
```
--
Удалить докер образ (флаг `-f`: _forse_ удаление):
```shell
$ docker rmi
```
---
# Работа с образами
## Dockerfile. Cборка и тестрование приложения
--
В дирректории с проектом создаем _Dockerfile_
--
```dockerfile
# Compilaton and testing
FROM erlang:21.0 as build
```
--
```dockerfile
COPY ./ /build
WORKDIR /build
```
--
```dockerfile
RUN rebar3 compile
```
--
```dockerfile
RUN rebar3 do eunit, ct
```
---
# Работа с образами
## Билд образа
--
```shell
$ docker build ./
Sending build context to Docker daemon 1.859MB
Step 1/11 : FROM erlang:21.0 as build
---> 51aeeaecddeb
...
Removing intermediate container 595f1fdee99c
---> f5b5d971f2e0
Successfully built f5b5d971f2e0
```
- `./` - путь к дирректории с _Dockerfile_.
---
# Работа с образами
## Dockerfile. Сборка и упаковка приложения
--
В том же _Dockerfile_:
```dockerfile
RUN rm -rf _build/default/rel
RUN rebar3 release
```
--
```dockerfile
# Make an app image
FROM erlang:21.0
```
--
```dockerfile
WORKDIR /opt/dummy_docker
COPY --from=build /build/_build/default/rel/dummy_docker .
```
--
```dockerfile
CMD bin/dummy_docker foreground
```
---
# Работа с образами
## Билд образа. Финальный
--
```shell
$ docker build --squash -t dummy_docker:<tag> ./
Sending build context to Docker daemon 1.859MB
Step 1/11 : FROM erlang:21.0 as build
---> 51aeeaecddeb
...
Step 11/11 : CMD bin/dummy_docker foreground
---> Running in 94d00e80215c
Removing intermediate container 94d00e80215c
---> 87ad77b501bd
Successfully built 3d10516ba341
Successfully tagged dummy_docker:2018-08-30-19-15-15
```
- Таймстэмп в качестве тэга: `$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S)`
---
# Работа с зависимостями
## docker-compose.yml
В дирректории с проектом создаем _docker-compose.yml_
--
```yaml
version: "3"
services:
dummy:
# build from Dockerfile
build: ./
depends_on:
- db
db:
# pull and start from an image
image: redis:4.0
```
---
# Работа с зависимостями
## Запуск
```shell
$ docker-compose up -d
```
--
```shell
$ docker-compose ps
Name Command State Ports
---------------------------------------------------------------------
dummy_docker_db_1 docker-entrypoint.sh redis ... Up 6379/tcp
dummy_docker_dummy_1 /bin/sh -c bin/dummy_docke ... Up
```
---
# Работа с зависимостями
## Связность и остановка
Docker compose обеспечивает связь между контейнерами по `service` имени в _docker-compoe.yml_
```shell
$ docker exec -it dummy_docker_dummy_1 ping db
PING db (172.23.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from dummy_docker_db_1.dummy_docker_default (172.23.0.2): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.093 ms
^C
--- db ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.093/0.093/0.093/0.000 ms
```
--
```shell
$ docker-compose down
```
---
class: impact
# Спасибо!

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>{{title}}</title>
{{{style}}}
<script src="remark.min.js"></script>
<script>
function create() {
return remark.create({
{{{source}}},
ratio: '16:9',
highlightLines: true,
countIncrementalSlides: false,
highlightStyle: 'github'
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="slideshow = create()">
</body>
</html>

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// Theme
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
$primary : #3F51B5;
$secondary : #009688;
$tertiary : #757575;
$light : #FFF;
$dark : #333;
$text-dark : #212121;
$text-light : $light;
$code-background : #F8F8F8;
$overlay : transparentize(#000, .5);
$font-size : 28px;
$font-size-impact : 128px;
$font : Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
$font-title : Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
$font-fixed : 'Lucida Console', Monaco, monospace;
$margin : 20px;
$iframe-scale : 1.5;
// CSS Base
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
body { font-family: $font; }
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
margin: 0 0 $margin 0;
font-family: $font-title;
}
h1 { color: $primary; }
h2 { color: $secondary; }
h3 { color: $tertiary; }
li { margin-bottom: .25em; };
pre, code {
text-align: left;
font-family: $font-fixed;
color: $secondary;
background: $code-background;
}
a, a:visited, a:hover, a:active { color: $text-dark; }
img { vertical-align: inherit; }
blockquote {
border-left: 8px solid;
padding-left: .5em;
color: $tertiary;
text-align: left;
margin: 1em 0;
& > p { margin: 0; }
}
// Remark base
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
.remark-code { font-size: .9em; }
.remark-container { background: $dark; }
.remark-slide-scaler { box-shadow: none; }
.remark-notes { font-size: 1.5em; }
.remark-slide-content {
font-size: $font-size;
padding: 1em 2em;
color: $text-dark;
background-size: cover;
}
.remark-slide-number {
color: $text-light;
right: 1em;
opacity: .6;
font-size: 0.8em;
z-index: 2;
.no-counter & { display: none; }
}
// Additions
.impact {
background-color: $primary;
vertical-align: middle;
text-align: center;
&, h1, h2 { color: $text-light; }
h1 { font-size: $font-size-impact; }
}
.full {
&, h1, h2 { color: $text-light; }
&iframe {
height: calc(#{100%/$iframe-scale} - 1.2em);
width: 100%/$iframe-scale;
transform: scale($iframe-scale);
transform-origin: 0 0;
border: 0;
}
}
.bottom-bar {
background-color: $primary;
color: $text-light;
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
font-size: 20px;
padding: .8em;
text-align: left;
z-index: 1;
p { margin: 0;}
.impact &, .full & { display: none; }
}
// Utilities
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Positioning
.side-layer {
position: absolute;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
padding: 0 2em;
}
.middle { &, & img, & span { vertical-align: middle; } };
.top { vertical-align: top; };
.bottom { vertical-align: bottom; };
.inline-block {
p, ul, ol, blockquote {
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text-align: left;
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}
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// Images
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.contain { background-size: contain; };
.overlay { box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 9999px $overlay; }
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}
@for $i from 1 through 12 {
.col-#{$i} {width: 100% / 12 * $i; }
}
// Animations
@keyframes fadeIn {
from { opacity: 0; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
.animation-fade {
animation-duration: 300ms;
animation-fill-mode: both;
animation-timing-function: ease-out;
.remark-visible & { animation-name: fadeIn; }
}
// Fix PDF print with chrome
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@page {
// 908px 681px for 4/3 slides
size: 1210px 681px;
margin: 0;
}
@media print {
.remark-slide-scaler {
width: 100% !important;
height: 100% !important;
transform: scale(1) !important;
top: 0 !important;
left: 0 !important;
}
}