SigmaHQ/tools/sigma.py
Thomas Patzke e0f813ebbb Conversion to Elasticsearch Query Strings
First version of sigmac that converts Sigma YAMLs without aggregations
into ES Query Strings suitable for Kibana or other tools.
2017-03-01 00:03:34 +01:00

352 lines
14 KiB
Python

# Sigma parser
import yaml
import re
COND_NONE = 0
COND_AND = 1
COND_OR = 2
COND_NOT = 3
class SigmaParser:
def __init__(self, sigma):
self.definitions = dict()
self.parsedyaml = yaml.safe_load(sigma)
def parse_sigma(self):
try: # definition uniqueness check
for definitionName, definition in self.parsedyaml["detection"].items():
if definitionName in self.definitions:
raise SigmaParseError("Definition '%s' was already defined" % (definitionName))
self.definitions[definitionName] = definition
except KeyError:
raise SigmaParseError("No detection definitions found")
try: # tokenization
conditions = self.parsedyaml["detection"]["condition"]
self.condtoken = list() # list of tokenized conditions
if type(conditions) == str:
self.condtoken.append(SigmaConditionTokenizer(conditions))
elif type(conditions) == list:
for condition in conditions:
self.condtoken.append(SigmaConditionTokenizer(condition))
except KeyError:
raise SigmaParseError("No condition found")
self.condparsed = list() # list of parsed conditions
for tokens in self.condtoken:
self.condparsed.append(SigmaConditionParser(self, tokens))
def parse_definition_byname(self, definitionName, condOverride=None):
try:
definition = self.definitions[definitionName]
except KeyError as e:
raise SigmaParseError("Unknown definition '%s'" % (definitionName)) from e
return self.parse_definition(definition, condOverride)
def parse_definition(self, definition, condOverride=None):
if type(definition) not in (dict, list):
raise SigmaParseError("Expected map or list, got type %s: '%s'" % (type(definition), str(definition)))
if type(definition) == list: # list of values or maps
if condOverride: # condition given through rule detection condition, e.g. 1 of x
cond = condOverride()
else: # no condition given, use default from spec
cond = ConditionOR()
subcond = None
for value in definition:
if type(value) in (str, int):
cond.add(value)
elif type(value) in (dict, list):
cond.add(self.parse_definition(value))
else:
raise SigmaParseError("Definition list may only contain plain values or maps")
elif type(definition) == dict: # map
cond = ConditionAND()
for key, value in definition.items():
cond.add((key, value))
return cond
class SigmaConditionToken:
"""Token of a Sigma condition expression"""
TOKEN_AND = 1
TOKEN_OR = 2
TOKEN_NOT = 3
TOKEN_ID = 4
TOKEN_LPAR = 5
TOKEN_RPAR = 6
TOKEN_PIPE = 7
TOKEN_ONE = 8
TOKEN_ALL = 9
TOKEN_AGG = 10
TOKEN_EQ = 11
TOKEN_LT = 12
TOKEN_LTE = 13
TOKEN_GT = 14
TOKEN_GTE = 15
TOKEN_BY = 16
tokenstr = [
"INVALID",
"AND",
"OR",
"NOT",
"ID",
"LPAR",
"RPAR",
"PIPE",
"ONE",
"ALL",
"AGG",
"EQ",
"LT",
"LTE",
"GT",
"GTE",
"BY",
]
def __init__(self, tokendef, match, pos):
self.type = tokendef[0]
self.matched = match.group()
self.pos = pos
def __eq__(self, other):
if type(other) == int: # match against type
return self.type == other
else:
raise NotImplementedError("SigmaConditionToken can only be compared against token type constants")
def __str__(self):
return "[ Token: %s: '%s' ]" % (self.tokenstr[self.type], self.matched)
class SigmaConditionTokenizer:
"""Tokenize condition string into token sequence"""
tokendefs = [ # list of tokens, preferred recognition in given order, (token identifier, matching regular expression). Ignored if token id == None
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_ONE, re.compile("1 of", re.IGNORECASE)),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_ALL, re.compile("all of", re.IGNORECASE)),
(None, re.compile("[\\s\\r\\n]+")),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_AGG, re.compile("count|distcount|min|max|avg|sum", re.IGNORECASE)),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_BY, re.compile("by", re.IGNORECASE)),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_EQ, re.compile("==")),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_LT, re.compile("<")),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_LTE, re.compile("<=")),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_GT, re.compile(">")),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_GTE, re.compile(">=")),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_PIPE, re.compile("\\|")),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_AND, re.compile("and", re.IGNORECASE)),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_OR, re.compile("or", re.IGNORECASE)),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_NOT, re.compile("not", re.IGNORECASE)),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_ID, re.compile("\\w+")),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_LPAR, re.compile("\\(")),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_RPAR, re.compile("\\)")),
]
def __init__(self, condition):
if type(condition) == str: # String that is parsed
self.tokens = list()
pos = 1
while len(condition) > 0:
for tokendef in self.tokendefs: # iterate over defined tokens and try to recognize the next one
match = tokendef[1].match(condition)
if match:
if tokendef[0] != None:
self.tokens.append(SigmaConditionToken(tokendef, match, pos + match.start()))
pos += match.end() # increase position and cut matched prefix from condition
condition = condition[match.end():]
break
else: # no valid token identified
raise SigmaParseError("Unexpected token in condition at position %d")
elif type(condition) == list: # List of tokens to be converted into SigmaConditionTokenizer class
self.tokens = condition
else:
raise TypeError("SigmaConditionTokenizer constructor expects string or list, got %s" % (type(condition)))
def __str__(self):
return " ".join([str(token) for token in self.tokens])
def __iter__(self):
return iter(self.tokens)
def __len__(self):
return len(self.tokens)
def __getitem__(self, i):
if type(i) == int:
return self.tokens[i]
elif type(i) == slice:
return SigmaConditionTokenizer(self.tokens[i])
else:
raise IndexError("Expected index or slice")
def __add__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, SigmaConditionTokenizer):
return SigmaConditionTokenizer(self.tokens + other.tokens)
elif isinstance(other, (SigmaConditionToken, ParseTreeNode)):
return SigmaConditionTokenizer(self.tokens + [ other ])
else:
raise TypeError("+ operator expects SigmaConditionTokenizer or token type, got %s: %s" % (type(other), str(other)))
def index(self, item):
return self.tokens.index(item)
class SigmaParseError(Exception):
pass
### Parse Tree Node Classes ###
class ParseTreeNode:
"""Parse Tree Node Base Class"""
def __init__(self):
raise NotImplementedError("ConditionBase is no usable class")
def __str__(self):
return "[ %s: %s ]" % (self.__doc__, str([str(item) for item in self.items]))
class ConditionBase(ParseTreeNode):
"""Base class for conditional operations"""
op = COND_NONE
items = None
def __init__(self):
raise NotImplementedError("ConditionBase is no usable class")
def add(self, item):
self.items.append(item)
def __iter__(self):
return iter(self.items)
class ConditionAND(ConditionBase):
"""AND Condition"""
op = COND_AND
def __init__(self, sigma=None, op=None, val1=None, val2=None):
if sigma == None and op == None and val1 == None and val2 == None: # no parameters given - initialize empty
self.items = list()
else: # called by parser, use given values
self.items = [ val1, val2 ]
class ConditionOR(ConditionAND):
"""OR Condition"""
op = COND_OR
class ConditionNOT(ConditionBase):
"""NOT Condition"""
op = COND_NOT
def __init__(self, sigma=None, op=None, val=None):
if sigma == None and op == None and val == None: # no parameters given - initialize empty
self.items = list()
else: # called by parser, use given values
self.items = [ val ]
def add(self, item):
if len(self.items) == 0:
super.add(item)
else:
raise ValueError("Only one element allowed in NOT condition")
@property
def item(self):
try:
return self.items[0]
except IndexError:
return None
class NodeSubexpression(ParseTreeNode):
"""Subexpression"""
def __init__(self, subexpr):
self.items = subexpr
# Parse tree converters: convert something into one of the parse tree node classes defined above
def convertAllOf(sigma, op, val):
"""Convert 'all of x' into ConditionAND"""
return NodeSubexpression(sigma.parse_definition_byname(val.matched, ConditionAND))
def convertOneOf(sigma, op, val):
"""Convert '1 of x' into ConditionOR"""
return NodeSubexpression(sigma.parse_definition_byname(val.matched, ConditionOR))
def convertId(sigma, op):
"""Convert search identifiers (lists or maps) into condition nodes according to spec defaults"""
return NodeSubexpression(sigma.parse_definition_byname(op.matched))
# Condition parser class
class SigmaConditionParser:
"""Parser for Sigma condition expression"""
searchOperators = [ # description of operators: (token id, number of operands, parse tree node class) - order == precedence
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_ALL, 1, convertAllOf),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_ONE, 1, convertOneOf),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_ID, 0, convertId),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_NOT, 1, ConditionNOT),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_AND, 2, ConditionAND),
(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_OR, 2, ConditionOR),
]
def __init__(self, sigmaParser, tokens):
if SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_PIPE in tokens: # aggregations are not yet supported
raise NotImplementedError("Aggregation expressions are not yet supported")
self.sigmaParser = sigmaParser
self.parsedSearch = self.parseSearch(tokens)
def parseSearch(self, tokens):
"""
Iterative parsing of search expression.
"""
# 1. Identify subexpressions with parentheses around them and parse them like a separate search expression
while SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_LPAR in tokens:
lPos = tokens.index(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_LPAR)
lTok = tokens[lPos]
try:
rPos = tokens.index(SigmaConditionToken.TOKEN_RPAR)
rTok = tokens[rPos]
except ValueError as e:
raise SigmaParseError("Missing matching closing parentheses") from e
if lPos + 1 == rPos:
raise SigmaParseError("Empty subexpression at " + str(lTok.pos))
if lPos > rPos:
raise SigmaParseError("Closing parentheses at position " + str(rTok.pos) + " precedes opening at position " + str(lTok.pos))
subparsed = self.parseSearch(tokens[lPos + 1:rPos])[0]
tokens = tokens[:lPos] + NodeSubexpression(subparsed) + tokens[rPos + 1:] # replace parentheses + expression with group node that contains parsed subexpression
# 2. Iterate over all known operators in given precedence
for operator in self.searchOperators:
# 3. reduce all occurrences into corresponding parse tree nodes
while operator[0] in tokens:
pos_op = tokens.index(operator[0])
tok_op = tokens[pos_op]
if operator[1] == 0: # operator
treenode = operator[2](self.sigmaParser, tok_op)
tokens = tokens[:pos_op] + treenode + tokens[pos_op + 1:]
elif operator[1] == 1: # operator value
pos_val = pos_op + 1
tok_val = tokens[pos_val]
treenode = operator[2](self.sigmaParser, tok_op, tok_val)
tokens = tokens[:pos_op] + treenode + tokens[pos_val + 1:]
elif operator[1] == 2: # value1 operator value2
pos_val1 = pos_op - 1
pos_val2 = pos_op + 1
tok_val1 = tokens[pos_val1]
tok_val2 = tokens[pos_val2]
treenode = operator[2](self.sigmaParser, tok_op, tok_val1, tok_val2)
tokens = tokens[:pos_val1] + treenode + tokens[pos_val2 + 1:]
if len(tokens) != 1: # parse tree must begin with exactly one node
raise ValueError("Parse tree must have exactly one start node!")
return tokens
def __str__(self):
return str(self.parsedSearch)
def __len__(self):
return len(self.parsedSearch)
def getParseTree(self):
return(self.parsedSearch[0])