fleet/cmd/osquery-perf/agent.go

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"compress/bzip2"
	"crypto/tls"
	"embed"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"flag"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"log"
	"math/rand"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"path"
	"path/filepath"
	"runtime"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"text/template"
	"time"

	"github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4/server/fleet"
	"github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4/server/ptr"
	"github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4/server/service"
	"github.com/google/uuid"
	"github.com/valyala/fasthttp"
)

//go:embed *.tmpl
var templatesFS embed.FS

//go:embed *.software
var softwareFS embed.FS

var vulnerableSoftware []fleet.Software

func init() {
	vulnerableSoftwareData, err := softwareFS.ReadFile("vulnerable.software")
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal("reading vulnerable software file: ", err)
	}
	lines := bytes.Split(vulnerableSoftwareData, []byte("\n"))
	for _, line := range lines {
		parts := bytes.Split(line, []byte("##"))
		if len(parts) < 2 {
			fmt.Println("skipping", string(line))
			continue
		}
		vulnerableSoftware = append(vulnerableSoftware, fleet.Software{
			Name:    strings.TrimSpace(string(parts[0])),
			Version: strings.TrimSpace(string(parts[1])),
			Source:  "apps",
		})
	}
	log.Printf("Loaded %d vulnerable software\n", len(vulnerableSoftware))
}

type Stats struct {
	errors            int
	enrollments       int
	orbitenrollments  int
	distributedwrites int
	orbitErrors       int
	desktopErrors     int

	l sync.Mutex
}

func (s *Stats) IncrementErrors(errors int) {
	s.l.Lock()
	defer s.l.Unlock()
	s.errors += errors
}

func (s *Stats) IncrementEnrollments() {
	s.l.Lock()
	defer s.l.Unlock()
	s.enrollments++
}

func (s *Stats) IncrementOrbitEnrollments() {
	s.l.Lock()
	defer s.l.Unlock()
	s.orbitenrollments++
}

func (s *Stats) IncrementDistributedWrites() {
	s.l.Lock()
	defer s.l.Unlock()
	s.distributedwrites++
}

func (s *Stats) IncrementOrbitErrors() {
	s.l.Lock()
	defer s.l.Unlock()
	s.orbitErrors++
}

func (s *Stats) IncrementDesktopErrors() {
	s.l.Lock()
	defer s.l.Unlock()
	s.desktopErrors++
}

func (s *Stats) Log() {
	s.l.Lock()
	defer s.l.Unlock()

	fmt.Printf(
		"%s :: error rate: %.2f \t enrollments: %d \t orbit enrollments: %d \t writes: %d\n \t orbit errors: %d \t desktop errors: %d",
		time.Now().String(),
		float64(s.errors)/float64(s.enrollments),
		s.enrollments,
		s.orbitenrollments,
		s.distributedwrites,
		s.orbitErrors,
		s.desktopErrors,
	)
}

func (s *Stats) runLoop() {
	ticker := time.Tick(10 * time.Second)
	for range ticker {
		s.Log()
	}
}

type nodeKeyManager struct {
	filepath string

	l        sync.Mutex
	nodekeys []string
}

func (n *nodeKeyManager) LoadKeys() {
	if n.filepath == "" {
		return
	}

	n.l.Lock()
	defer n.l.Unlock()

	data, err := os.ReadFile(n.filepath)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("WARNING (ignore if creating a new node key file): error loading nodekey file:", err)
		return
	}
	n.nodekeys = strings.Split(string(data), "\n")
	n.nodekeys = n.nodekeys[:len(n.nodekeys)-1] // remove last empty node key due to new line.
	fmt.Printf("loaded %d node keys\n", len(n.nodekeys))
}

func (n *nodeKeyManager) Get(i int) string {
	n.l.Lock()
	defer n.l.Unlock()

	if len(n.nodekeys) > i {
		return n.nodekeys[i]
	}
	return ""
}

func (n *nodeKeyManager) Add(nodekey string) {
	if n.filepath == "" {
		return
	}

	// we lock just to make sure we write one at a time
	n.l.Lock()
	defer n.l.Unlock()

	f, err := os.OpenFile(n.filepath, os.O_APPEND|os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY, 0o600)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("error opening nodekey file:", err.Error())
		return
	}
	defer f.Close()
	if _, err := f.WriteString(nodekey + "\n"); err != nil {
		fmt.Println("error writing nodekey file:", err)
	}
}

type agent struct {
	agentIndex      int
	softwareCount   softwareEntityCount
	userCount       entityCount
	policyPassProb  float64
	munkiIssueProb  float64
	munkiIssueCount int
	strings         map[string]string
	serverAddress   string
	fastClient      fasthttp.Client
	stats           *Stats
	nodeKeyManager  *nodeKeyManager
	nodeKey         string
	templates       *template.Template
	os              string
	// deviceAuthToken holds Fleet Desktop device authentication token.
	//
	// Non-nil means the agent is identified as orbit osquery,
	// nil means the agent is identified as vanilla osquery.
	deviceAuthToken *string
	orbitNodeKey    *string

	scheduledQueries []string

	// The following are exported to be used by the templates.

	EnrollSecret          string
	UUID                  string
	SerialNumber          string
	ConfigInterval        time.Duration
	QueryInterval         time.Duration
	DiskEncryptionEnabled bool
}

type entityCount struct {
	common int
	unique int
}

type softwareEntityCount struct {
	entityCount
	vulnerable                   int
	withLastOpened               int
	lastOpenedProb               float64
	commonSoftwareUninstallCount int
	commonSoftwareUninstallProb  float64
	uniqueSoftwareUninstallCount int
	uniqueSoftwareUninstallProb  float64
}

func newAgent(
	agentIndex int,
	serverAddress, enrollSecret string, templates *template.Template,
	configInterval, queryInterval time.Duration, softwareCount softwareEntityCount, userCount entityCount,
	policyPassProb float64,
	orbitProb float64,
	munkiIssueProb float64, munkiIssueCount int,
	emptySerialProb float64,
) *agent {
	var deviceAuthToken *string
	if rand.Float64() <= orbitProb {
		deviceAuthToken = ptr.String(uuid.NewString())
	}
	// #nosec (osquery-perf is only used for testing)
	tlsConfig := &tls.Config{
		InsecureSkipVerify: true,
	}
	serial := randSerial()
	if rand.Float64() <= emptySerialProb {
		serial = ""
	}
	return &agent{
		agentIndex:      agentIndex,
		serverAddress:   serverAddress,
		softwareCount:   softwareCount,
		userCount:       userCount,
		strings:         make(map[string]string),
		policyPassProb:  policyPassProb,
		munkiIssueProb:  munkiIssueProb,
		munkiIssueCount: munkiIssueCount,
		fastClient: fasthttp.Client{
			TLSConfig: tlsConfig,
		},
		templates:       templates,
		deviceAuthToken: deviceAuthToken,
		os:              strings.TrimRight(templates.Name(), ".tmpl"),

		EnrollSecret:   enrollSecret,
		ConfigInterval: configInterval,
		QueryInterval:  queryInterval,
		UUID:           strings.ToUpper(uuid.New().String()),
		SerialNumber:   serial,
	}
}

type enrollResponse struct {
	NodeKey string `json:"node_key"`
}

type distributedReadResponse struct {
	Queries map[string]string `json:"queries"`
}

func (a *agent) isOrbit() bool {
	return a.deviceAuthToken != nil
}

func (a *agent) runLoop(i int, onlyAlreadyEnrolled bool) {
	if a.isOrbit() {
		if err := a.orbitEnroll(); err != nil {
			return
		}
	}

	if err := a.enroll(i, onlyAlreadyEnrolled); err != nil {
		return
	}

	a.config()
	resp, err := a.DistributedRead()
	if err != nil {
		log.Println(err)
	} else {
		if len(resp.Queries) > 0 {
			a.DistributedWrite(resp.Queries)
		}
	}

	if a.isOrbit() {
		go a.runOrbitLoop()
	}

	configTicker := time.Tick(a.ConfigInterval)
	liveQueryTicker := time.Tick(a.QueryInterval)
	for {
		select {
		case <-configTicker:
			a.config()
		case <-liveQueryTicker:
			resp, err := a.DistributedRead()
			if err != nil {
				log.Println(err)
			} else if len(resp.Queries) > 0 {
				a.DistributedWrite(resp.Queries)
			}
		}
	}
}

func (a *agent) runOrbitLoop() {
	orbitClient, err := service.NewOrbitClient(
		"",
		a.serverAddress,
		"",
		true,
		a.EnrollSecret,
		fleet.OrbitHostInfo{
			HardwareUUID:   a.UUID,
			HardwareSerial: a.SerialNumber,
			Hostname:       a.CachedString("hostname"),
		},
	)
	if err != nil {
		log.Println("creating orbit client: ", err)
	}

	orbitClient.TestNodeKey = *a.orbitNodeKey

	deviceClient, err := service.NewDeviceClient(a.serverAddress, true, "")
	if err != nil {
		log.Println("creating device client: ", err)
	}

	// orbit does a config check when it starts
	if _, err := orbitClient.GetConfig(); err != nil {
		a.stats.IncrementOrbitErrors()
		log.Println("orbitClient.GetConfig: ", err)
	}

	tokenRotationEnabled := orbitClient.GetServerCapabilities().Has(fleet.CapabilityOrbitEndpoints) &&
		orbitClient.GetServerCapabilities().Has(fleet.CapabilityTokenRotation)

	// it also writes and checks the device token
	if tokenRotationEnabled {
		if err := orbitClient.SetOrUpdateDeviceToken(*a.deviceAuthToken); err != nil {
			a.stats.IncrementOrbitErrors()
			log.Println("orbitClient.SetOrUpdateDeviceToken: ", err)
		}

		if err := deviceClient.CheckToken(*a.deviceAuthToken); err != nil {
			a.stats.IncrementOrbitErrors()
			log.Println("deviceClient.CheckToken: ", err)
		}
	}

	// checkToken is used to simulate Fleet Desktop polling until a token is
	// valid, we make a random number of requests to properly emulate what
	// happens in the real world as there are delays that are not accounted by
	// the way this simulation is arranged.
	checkToken := func() {
		min := 1
		max := 5
		numberOfRequests := rand.Intn(max-min+1) + min
		ticker := time.NewTicker(5 * time.Second)
		defer ticker.Stop()

		for {
			<-ticker.C
			numberOfRequests--
			if err := deviceClient.CheckToken(*a.deviceAuthToken); err != nil {
				log.Println("deviceClient.CheckToken: ", err)
			}
			if numberOfRequests == 0 {
				break
			}
		}
	}

	// fleet desktop performs a burst of check token requests when it's initialized
	checkToken()

	// orbit makes a call to check the config and update the CLI flags every 5
	// seconds
	orbitConfigTicker := time.Tick(30 * time.Second)
	// orbit makes a call every 5 minutes to check the validity of the device
	// token on the server
	orbitTokenRemoteCheckTicker := time.Tick(5 * time.Minute)
	// orbit pings the server every 1 hour to rotate the device token
	orbitTokenRotationTicker := time.Tick(1 * time.Hour)
	// orbit polls the /orbit/ping endpoint every 5 minutes to check if the
	// server capabilities have changed
	capabilitiesCheckerTicker := time.Tick(5 * time.Minute)
	// fleet desktop polls for policy compliance every 5 minutes
	fleetDesktopPolicyTicker := time.Tick(5 * time.Minute)

	for {
		select {
		case <-orbitConfigTicker:
			if _, err := orbitClient.GetConfig(); err != nil {
				a.stats.IncrementOrbitErrors()
				log.Println("orbitClient.GetConfig: ", err)
			}
		case <-orbitTokenRemoteCheckTicker:
			if tokenRotationEnabled {
				if err := deviceClient.CheckToken(*a.deviceAuthToken); err != nil {
					a.stats.IncrementOrbitErrors()
					log.Println("deviceClient.CheckToken: ", err)
				}
			}
		case <-orbitTokenRotationTicker:
			if tokenRotationEnabled {
				newToken := ptr.String(uuid.NewString())
				if err := orbitClient.SetOrUpdateDeviceToken(*newToken); err != nil {
					a.stats.IncrementOrbitErrors()
					log.Println("orbitClient.SetOrUpdateDeviceToken: ", err)
				}
				a.deviceAuthToken = newToken
				// fleet desktop performs a burst of check token requests after a token is rotated
				checkToken()
			}
		case <-capabilitiesCheckerTicker:
			if err := orbitClient.Ping(); err != nil {
				a.stats.IncrementOrbitErrors()
				log.Println("orbitClient.Ping: ", err)
			}
		case <-fleetDesktopPolicyTicker:
			if _, err := deviceClient.NumberOfFailingPolicies(*a.deviceAuthToken); err != nil {
				a.stats.IncrementDesktopErrors()
				log.Println("deviceClient.NumberOfFailingPolicies: ", err)
			}
		}
	}
}

func (a *agent) waitingDo(req *fasthttp.Request, res *fasthttp.Response) {
	err := a.fastClient.Do(req, res)
	for err != nil || res.StatusCode() != http.StatusOK {
		fmt.Println(err, res.StatusCode())
		a.stats.IncrementErrors(1)
		<-time.Tick(time.Duration(rand.Intn(120)+1) * time.Second)
		err = a.fastClient.Do(req, res)
	}
}

// TODO: add support to `alreadyEnrolled` akin to the `enroll` function.  for
// now, we assume that the agent is not already enrolled, if you kill the agent
// process then those Orbit node keys are gone.
func (a *agent) orbitEnroll() error {
	params := service.EnrollOrbitRequest{
		EnrollSecret:   a.EnrollSecret,
		HardwareUUID:   a.UUID,
		HardwareSerial: a.SerialNumber,
	}

	jsonBytes, err := json.Marshal(params)
	if err != nil {
		log.Println("orbit json marshall:", err)
		return err
	}

	req := fasthttp.AcquireRequest()
	req.SetBody(jsonBytes)
	req.Header.SetMethod("POST")
	req.Header.SetContentType("application/json")
	req.Header.SetRequestURI(a.serverAddress + "/api/fleet/orbit/enroll")
	resp := fasthttp.AcquireResponse()

	a.waitingDo(req, resp)

	fasthttp.ReleaseRequest(req)
	defer fasthttp.ReleaseResponse(resp)

	if resp.StatusCode() != http.StatusOK {
		log.Println("orbit enroll status:", resp.StatusCode())
		return fmt.Errorf("status code: %d", resp.StatusCode())
	}

	var parsedResp service.EnrollOrbitResponse
	if err := json.Unmarshal(resp.Body(), &parsedResp); err != nil {
		log.Println("orbit json parse:", err)
		return err
	}

	a.orbitNodeKey = &parsedResp.OrbitNodeKey
	a.stats.IncrementOrbitEnrollments()
	return nil
}

func (a *agent) enroll(i int, onlyAlreadyEnrolled bool) error {
	a.nodeKey = a.nodeKeyManager.Get(i)
	if a.nodeKey != "" {
		a.stats.IncrementEnrollments()
		return nil
	}

	if onlyAlreadyEnrolled {
		return errors.New("not enrolled")
	}

	var body bytes.Buffer
	if err := a.templates.ExecuteTemplate(&body, "enroll", a); err != nil {
		log.Println("execute template:", err)
		return err
	}

	req := fasthttp.AcquireRequest()
	req.SetBody(body.Bytes())
	req.Header.SetMethod("POST")
	req.Header.SetContentType("application/json")
	req.Header.Add("User-Agent", "osquery/4.6.0")
	req.SetRequestURI(a.serverAddress + "/api/osquery/enroll")
	res := fasthttp.AcquireResponse()

	a.waitingDo(req, res)

	fasthttp.ReleaseRequest(req)
	defer fasthttp.ReleaseResponse(res)

	if res.StatusCode() != http.StatusOK {
		log.Println("enroll status:", res.StatusCode())
		return fmt.Errorf("status code: %d", res.StatusCode())
	}

	var parsedResp enrollResponse
	if err := json.Unmarshal(res.Body(), &parsedResp); err != nil {
		log.Println("json parse:", err)
		return err
	}

	a.nodeKey = parsedResp.NodeKey
	a.stats.IncrementEnrollments()

	a.nodeKeyManager.Add(a.nodeKey)

	return nil
}

func (a *agent) config() {
	body := bytes.NewBufferString(`{"node_key": "` + a.nodeKey + `"}`)

	req := fasthttp.AcquireRequest()
	req.SetBody(body.Bytes())
	req.Header.SetMethod("POST")
	req.Header.SetContentType("application/json")
	req.Header.Add("User-Agent", "osquery/4.6.0")
	req.SetRequestURI(a.serverAddress + "/api/osquery/config")
	res := fasthttp.AcquireResponse()

	a.waitingDo(req, res)

	fasthttp.ReleaseRequest(req)
	defer fasthttp.ReleaseResponse(res)

	if res.StatusCode() != http.StatusOK {
		log.Println("config status:", res.StatusCode())
		return
	}

	parsedResp := struct {
		Packs map[string]struct {
			Queries map[string]interface{} `json:"queries"`
		} `json:"packs"`
	}{}
	if err := json.Unmarshal(res.Body(), &parsedResp); err != nil {
		log.Println("json parse at config:", err)
		return
	}

	var scheduledQueries []string
	for packName, pack := range parsedResp.Packs {
		for queryName := range pack.Queries {
			scheduledQueries = append(scheduledQueries, packName+"_"+queryName)
		}
	}
	a.scheduledQueries = scheduledQueries
}

const stringVals = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_."

func randomString(n int) string {
	sb := strings.Builder{}
	sb.Grow(n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		sb.WriteByte(stringVals[rand.Int63()%int64(len(stringVals))])
	}
	return sb.String()
}

func (a *agent) CachedString(key string) string {
	if val, ok := a.strings[key]; ok {
		return val
	}
	val := randomString(12)
	a.strings[key] = val
	return val
}

func (a *agent) hostUsers() []map[string]string {
	groupNames := []string{"staff", "nobody", "wheel", "tty", "daemon"}
	shells := []string{"/bin/zsh", "/bin/sh", "/usr/bin/false", "/bin/bash"}
	commonUsers := make([]map[string]string, a.userCount.common)
	for i := 0; i < len(commonUsers); i++ {
		commonUsers[i] = map[string]string{
			"uid":       fmt.Sprint(i),
			"username":  fmt.Sprintf("Common_%d", i),
			"type":      "", // Empty for macOS.
			"groupname": groupNames[i%len(groupNames)],
			"shell":     shells[i%len(shells)],
		}
	}
	uniqueUsers := make([]map[string]string, a.userCount.unique)
	for i := 0; i < len(uniqueUsers); i++ {
		uniqueUsers[i] = map[string]string{
			"uid":       fmt.Sprint(i),
			"username":  fmt.Sprintf("Unique_%d_%d", a.agentIndex, i),
			"type":      "", // Empty for macOS.
			"groupname": groupNames[i%len(groupNames)],
			"shell":     shells[i%len(shells)],
		}
	}
	users := append(commonUsers, uniqueUsers...)
	rand.Shuffle(len(users), func(i, j int) {
		users[i], users[j] = users[j], users[i]
	})
	return users
}

func extract(src, dst string) {
	srcF, err := os.Open(src)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	defer srcF.Close()

	dstF, err := os.Create(dst)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	defer dstF.Close()

	r := bzip2.NewReader(srcF)
	// ignoring "G110: Potential DoS vulnerability via decompression bomb", as this is test code.
	_, err = io.Copy(dstF, r) //nolint:gosec
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func loadSoftware(platform string, ver string) []map[string]string {
	_, exFilename, _, ok := runtime.Caller(0)
	if !ok {
		panic("No caller information")
	}
	exDir := path.Dir(exFilename)

	srcPath := filepath.Join(
		exDir,
		"..",
		"..",
		"server",
		"vulnerabilities",
		"testdata",
		platform,
		"software",
		fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s-software.json.bz2", platform, ver),
	)

	tmpDir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "osquery-perf")
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	defer os.RemoveAll(tmpDir)
	dstPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, fmt.Sprintf("%s-software.json", ver))

	extract(srcPath, dstPath)

	type softwareJSON struct {
		Name    string `json:"name"`
		Version string `json:"version"`
		Release string `json:"release,omitempty"`
		Arch    string `json:"arch,omitempty"`
	}

	var software []softwareJSON
	contents, err := os.ReadFile(dstPath)
	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("reading vuln software for %s %s: %s\n", platform, ver, err)
		return nil
	}

	err = json.Unmarshal(contents, &software)
	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("unmarshalling vuln software for %s %s:%s", platform, ver, err)
		return nil
	}

	var r []map[string]string
	for _, fi := range software {
		r = append(r, map[string]string{
			"name":    fi.Name,
			"version": fi.Version,
			"source":  "osquery-perf",
		})
	}
	return r
}

func (a *agent) softwareWindows11() []map[string]string {
	return loadSoftware("windows", "11")
}

func (a *agent) softwareUbuntu2204() []map[string]string {
	return loadSoftware("ubuntu", "2204")
}

func (a *agent) softwareMacOS() []map[string]string {
	var lastOpenedCount int
	commonSoftware := make([]map[string]string, a.softwareCount.common)
	for i := 0; i < len(commonSoftware); i++ {
		var lastOpenedAt string
		if l := a.genLastOpenedAt(&lastOpenedCount); l != nil {
			lastOpenedAt = l.Format(time.UnixDate)
		}
		commonSoftware[i] = map[string]string{
			"name":              fmt.Sprintf("Common_%d", i),
			"version":           "0.0.1",
			"bundle_identifier": "com.fleetdm.osquery-perf",
			"source":            "osquery-perf",
			"last_opened_at":    lastOpenedAt,
		}
	}
	if a.softwareCount.commonSoftwareUninstallProb > 0.0 && rand.Float64() <= a.softwareCount.commonSoftwareUninstallProb {
		rand.Shuffle(len(commonSoftware), func(i, j int) {
			commonSoftware[i], commonSoftware[j] = commonSoftware[j], commonSoftware[i]
		})
		commonSoftware = commonSoftware[:a.softwareCount.common-a.softwareCount.commonSoftwareUninstallCount]
	}
	uniqueSoftware := make([]map[string]string, a.softwareCount.unique)
	for i := 0; i < len(uniqueSoftware); i++ {
		var lastOpenedAt string
		if l := a.genLastOpenedAt(&lastOpenedCount); l != nil {
			lastOpenedAt = l.Format(time.UnixDate)
		}
		uniqueSoftware[i] = map[string]string{
			"name":              fmt.Sprintf("Unique_%s_%d", a.CachedString("hostname"), i),
			"version":           "1.1.1",
			"bundle_identifier": "com.fleetdm.osquery-perf",
			"source":            "osquery-perf",
			"last_opened_at":    lastOpenedAt,
		}
	}
	if a.softwareCount.uniqueSoftwareUninstallProb > 0.0 && rand.Float64() <= a.softwareCount.uniqueSoftwareUninstallProb {
		rand.Shuffle(len(uniqueSoftware), func(i, j int) {
			uniqueSoftware[i], uniqueSoftware[j] = uniqueSoftware[j], uniqueSoftware[i]
		})
		uniqueSoftware = uniqueSoftware[:a.softwareCount.unique-a.softwareCount.uniqueSoftwareUninstallCount]
	}
	randomVulnerableSoftware := make([]map[string]string, a.softwareCount.vulnerable)
	for i := 0; i < len(randomVulnerableSoftware); i++ {
		sw := vulnerableSoftware[rand.Intn(len(vulnerableSoftware))]
		var lastOpenedAt string
		if l := a.genLastOpenedAt(&lastOpenedCount); l != nil {
			lastOpenedAt = l.Format(time.UnixDate)
		}
		randomVulnerableSoftware[i] = map[string]string{
			"name":              sw.Name,
			"version":           sw.Version,
			"bundle_identifier": sw.BundleIdentifier,
			"source":            sw.Source,
			"last_opened_at":    lastOpenedAt,
		}
	}
	software := append(commonSoftware, uniqueSoftware...)
	software = append(software, randomVulnerableSoftware...)
	rand.Shuffle(len(software), func(i, j int) {
		software[i], software[j] = software[j], software[i]
	})
	return software
}

func (a *agent) DistributedRead() (*distributedReadResponse, error) {
	req := fasthttp.AcquireRequest()
	req.SetBody([]byte(`{"node_key": "` + a.nodeKey + `"}`))
	req.Header.SetMethod("POST")
	req.Header.SetContentType("application/json")
	req.Header.Add("User-Agent", "osquery/4.6.0")
	req.SetRequestURI(a.serverAddress + "/api/osquery/distributed/read")
	res := fasthttp.AcquireResponse()

	a.waitingDo(req, res)

	fasthttp.ReleaseRequest(req)
	defer fasthttp.ReleaseResponse(res)

	var parsedResp distributedReadResponse
	if err := json.Unmarshal(res.Body(), &parsedResp); err != nil {
		log.Println("json parse:", err)
		return nil, err
	}

	return &parsedResp, nil
}

var defaultQueryResult = []map[string]string{
	{"foo": "bar"},
}

func (a *agent) genLastOpenedAt(count *int) *time.Time {
	if *count >= a.softwareCount.withLastOpened {
		return nil
	}
	*count++
	if rand.Float64() <= a.softwareCount.lastOpenedProb {
		now := time.Now()
		return &now
	}
	return nil
}

func (a *agent) runPolicy(query string) []map[string]string {
	if rand.Float64() <= a.policyPassProb {
		return []map[string]string{
			{"1": "1"},
		}
	}
	return []map[string]string{}
}

func (a *agent) randomQueryStats() []map[string]string {
	var stats []map[string]string
	for _, scheduledQuery := range a.scheduledQueries {
		stats = append(stats, map[string]string{
			"name":           scheduledQuery,
			"delimiter":      "_",
			"average_memory": fmt.Sprint(rand.Intn(200) + 10),
			"denylisted":     "false",
			"executions":     fmt.Sprint(rand.Intn(100) + 1),
			"interval":       fmt.Sprint(rand.Intn(100) + 1),
			"last_executed":  fmt.Sprint(time.Now().Unix()),
			"output_size":    fmt.Sprint(rand.Intn(100) + 1),
			"system_time":    fmt.Sprint(rand.Intn(4000) + 10),
			"user_time":      fmt.Sprint(rand.Intn(4000) + 10),
			"wall_time":      fmt.Sprint(rand.Intn(4000) + 10),
		})
	}
	return stats
}

var possibleMDMServerURLs = []string{
	"https://kandji.com/1",
	"https://jamf.com/1",
	"https://airwatch.com/1",
	"https://microsoft.com/1",
	"https://simplemdm.com/1",
	"https://example.com/1",
	"https://kandji.com/2",
	"https://jamf.com/2",
	"https://airwatch.com/2",
	"https://microsoft.com/2",
	"https://simplemdm.com/2",
	"https://example.com/2",
}

func (a *agent) mdmMac() []map[string]string {
	enrolled := "true"
	if rand.Intn(2) == 1 {
		enrolled = "false"
	}
	installedFromDep := "true"
	if rand.Intn(2) == 1 {
		installedFromDep = "false"
	}
	ix := rand.Intn(len(possibleMDMServerURLs))
	return []map[string]string{
		{"enrolled": enrolled, "server_url": possibleMDMServerURLs[ix], "installed_from_dep": installedFromDep},
	}
}

func (a *agent) mdmWindows() []map[string]string {
	autopilot := rand.Intn(2) == 1
	ix := rand.Intn(len(possibleMDMServerURLs))
	serverURL := possibleMDMServerURLs[ix]
	providerID := fleet.MDMNameFromServerURL(serverURL)
	installType := "Microsoft Workstation"
	if rand.Intn(4) == 1 {
		installType = "Microsoft Server"
	}

	rows := []map[string]string{
		{"key": "discovery_service_url", "value": serverURL},
		{"key": "installation_type", "value": installType},
	}
	if providerID != "" {
		rows = append(rows, map[string]string{"key": "provider_id", "value": providerID})
	}
	if autopilot {
		rows = append(rows, map[string]string{"key": "autopilot", "value": "true"})
	}
	return rows
}

var munkiIssues = func() []string {
	// generate a list of random munki issues (messages)
	issues := make([]string, 1000)
	for i := range issues {
		// message size: between 60 and 200, with spaces between each 10-char word so
		// that it can still make a bit of sense for UI tests.
		numParts := rand.Intn(15) + 6 // number between 0-14, add 6 to get between 6-20
		var sb strings.Builder
		for j := 0; j < numParts; j++ {
			if j > 0 {
				sb.WriteString(" ")
			}
			sb.WriteString(randomString(10))
		}
		issues[i] = sb.String()
	}
	return issues
}()

func (a *agent) munkiInfo() []map[string]string {
	var errors, warnings []string

	if rand.Float64() <= a.munkiIssueProb {
		for i := 0; i < a.munkiIssueCount; i++ {
			if rand.Intn(2) == 1 {
				errors = append(errors, munkiIssues[rand.Intn(len(munkiIssues))])
			} else {
				warnings = append(warnings, munkiIssues[rand.Intn(len(munkiIssues))])
			}
		}
	}

	errList := strings.Join(errors, ";")
	warnList := strings.Join(warnings, ";")
	return []map[string]string{
		{"version": "1.2.3", "errors": errList, "warnings": warnList},
	}
}

func (a *agent) googleChromeProfiles() []map[string]string {
	count := rand.Intn(5) // return between 0 and 4 emails
	result := make([]map[string]string, count)
	for i := range result {
		email := fmt.Sprintf("user%d@example.com", i)
		if i == len(result)-1 {
			// if the maximum number of emails is returned, set a random domain name
			// so that we have email addresses that match a lot of hosts, and some
			// that match few hosts.
			domainRand := rand.Intn(10)
			email = fmt.Sprintf("user%d@example%d.com", i, domainRand)
		}
		result[i] = map[string]string{"email": email}
	}
	return result
}

func (a *agent) batteries() []map[string]string {
	count := rand.Intn(3) // return between 0 and 2 batteries
	result := make([]map[string]string, count)
	for i := range result {
		health := "Good"
		cycleCount := rand.Intn(2000)
		switch {
		case cycleCount > 1500:
			health = "Poor"
		case cycleCount > 1000:
			health = "Fair"
		}
		result[i] = map[string]string{
			"serial_number": fmt.Sprintf("%04d", i),
			"cycle_count":   strconv.Itoa(cycleCount),
			"health":        health,
		}
	}
	return result
}

func (a *agent) diskSpace() []map[string]string {
	// between 1-100 gigs, between 0-99 percentage available
	gigs := rand.Intn(100)
	gigs++
	pct := rand.Intn(100)
	return []map[string]string{
		{"percent_disk_space_available": strconv.Itoa(gigs), "gigs_disk_space_available": strconv.Itoa(pct)},
	}
}

func (a *agent) diskEncryption() []map[string]string {
	// 50% of results have encryption enabled
	a.DiskEncryptionEnabled = rand.Intn(2) == 1
	if a.DiskEncryptionEnabled {
		return []map[string]string{{"1": "1"}}
	}
	return []map[string]string{}
}

func (a *agent) diskEncryptionLinux() []map[string]string {
	// 50% of results have encryption enabled
	a.DiskEncryptionEnabled = rand.Intn(2) == 1
	if a.DiskEncryptionEnabled {
		return []map[string]string{
			{"path": "/etc", "encrypted": "0"},
			{"path": "/tmp", "encrypted": "0"},
			{"path": "/", "encrypted": "1"},
		}
	}
	return []map[string]string{
		{"path": "/etc", "encrypted": "0"},
		{"path": "/tmp", "encrypted": "0"},
	}
}

func (a *agent) processQuery(name, query string) (handled bool, results []map[string]string, status *fleet.OsqueryStatus) {
	const (
		hostPolicyQueryPrefix = "fleet_policy_query_"
		hostDetailQueryPrefix = "fleet_detail_query_"
	)
	statusOK := fleet.StatusOK
	statusNotOK := fleet.OsqueryStatus(1)

	switch {
	case strings.HasPrefix(name, hostPolicyQueryPrefix):
		return true, a.runPolicy(query), &statusOK
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"scheduled_query_stats":
		return true, a.randomQueryStats(), &statusOK
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"mdm":
		ss := fleet.OsqueryStatus(rand.Intn(2))
		if ss == fleet.StatusOK {
			results = a.mdmMac()
		}
		return true, results, &ss
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"mdm_windows":
		ss := fleet.OsqueryStatus(rand.Intn(2))
		if ss == fleet.StatusOK {
			results = a.mdmWindows()
		}
		return true, results, &ss
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"munki_info":
		ss := fleet.OsqueryStatus(rand.Intn(2))
		if ss == fleet.StatusOK {
			results = a.munkiInfo()
		}
		return true, results, &ss
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"google_chrome_profiles":
		ss := fleet.OsqueryStatus(rand.Intn(2))
		if ss == fleet.StatusOK {
			results = a.googleChromeProfiles()
		}
		return true, results, &ss
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"battery":
		ss := fleet.OsqueryStatus(rand.Intn(2))
		if ss == fleet.StatusOK {
			results = a.batteries()
		}
		return true, results, &ss
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"users":
		ss := fleet.OsqueryStatus(rand.Intn(2))
		if ss == fleet.StatusOK {
			results = a.hostUsers()
		}
		return true, results, &ss
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"software_macos":
		ss := fleet.OsqueryStatus(rand.Intn(2))
		if ss == fleet.StatusOK {
			results = a.softwareMacOS()
		}
		return true, results, &ss
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"software_windows":
		ss := fleet.OsqueryStatus(rand.Intn(2))
		if ss == fleet.StatusOK {
			results = a.softwareWindows11()
		}
		return true, results, &ss
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"software_linux":
		ss := fleet.OsqueryStatus(rand.Intn(2))
		if ss == fleet.StatusOK {
			switch a.os {
			case "ubuntu_22.04":
				results = a.softwareUbuntu2204()
			}
		}
		return true, results, &ss
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"disk_space_unix" || name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"disk_space_windows":
		ss := fleet.OsqueryStatus(rand.Intn(2))
		if ss == fleet.StatusOK {
			results = a.diskSpace()
		}
		return true, results, &ss

	case strings.HasPrefix(name, hostDetailQueryPrefix+"disk_encryption_linux"):
		ss := fleet.OsqueryStatus(rand.Intn(2))
		if ss == fleet.StatusOK {
			results = a.diskEncryptionLinux()
		}
		return true, results, &ss
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"disk_encryption_darwin" ||
		name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"disk_encryption_windows":
		ss := fleet.OsqueryStatus(rand.Intn(2))
		if ss == fleet.StatusOK {
			results = a.diskEncryption()
		}
		return true, results, &ss
	case name == hostDetailQueryPrefix+"kubequery_info" && a.os != "kubequery":
		// Real osquery running on hosts would return no results if it was not
		// running kubequery (due to discovery query). Returning true here so that
		// the caller knows it is handled, will not try to return lorem-ipsum-style
		// results.
		return true, nil, &statusNotOK
	default:
		// Look for results in the template file.
		if t := a.templates.Lookup(name); t == nil {
			return false, nil, nil
		}
		var ni bytes.Buffer
		err := a.templates.ExecuteTemplate(&ni, name, a)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		err = json.Unmarshal(ni.Bytes(), &results)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}

		return true, results, &statusOK
	}
}

func (a *agent) DistributedWrite(queries map[string]string) {
	r := service.SubmitDistributedQueryResultsRequest{
		Results:  make(fleet.OsqueryDistributedQueryResults),
		Statuses: make(map[string]fleet.OsqueryStatus),
	}
	r.NodeKey = a.nodeKey
	for name, query := range queries {
		handled, results, status := a.processQuery(name, query)
		if !handled {
			// If osquery-perf does not handle the incoming query,
			// always return status OK and the default query result.
			r.Results[name] = defaultQueryResult
			r.Statuses[name] = fleet.StatusOK
		} else {
			if results != nil {
				r.Results[name] = results
			}
			if status != nil {
				r.Statuses[name] = *status
			}
		}
	}
	body, err := json.Marshal(r)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	req := fasthttp.AcquireRequest()
	req.SetBody(body)
	req.Header.SetMethod("POST")
	req.Header.SetContentType("application/json")
	req.Header.Add("User-Agent", "osquery/5.0.1")
	req.SetRequestURI(a.serverAddress + "/api/osquery/distributed/write")
	res := fasthttp.AcquireResponse()

	a.waitingDo(req, res)

	fasthttp.ReleaseRequest(req)
	defer fasthttp.ReleaseResponse(res)

	a.stats.IncrementDistributedWrites()
	// No need to read the distributed write body
}

func main() {
	validTemplateNames := map[string]bool{
		"mac10.14.6.tmpl":   true,
		"windows_11.tmpl":   true,
		"ubuntu_22.04.tmpl": true,
	}
	allowedTemplateNames := make([]string, 0, len(validTemplateNames))
	for k := range validTemplateNames {
		allowedTemplateNames = append(allowedTemplateNames, k)
	}

	var (
		serverURL           = flag.String("server_url", "https://localhost:8080", "URL (with protocol and port of osquery server)")
		enrollSecret        = flag.String("enroll_secret", "", "Enroll secret to authenticate enrollment")
		hostCount           = flag.Int("host_count", 10, "Number of hosts to start (default 10)")
		randSeed            = flag.Int64("seed", time.Now().UnixNano(), "Seed for random generator (default current time)")
		startPeriod         = flag.Duration("start_period", 10*time.Second, "Duration to spread start of hosts over")
		configInterval      = flag.Duration("config_interval", 1*time.Minute, "Interval for config requests")
		queryInterval       = flag.Duration("query_interval", 10*time.Second, "Interval for live query requests")
		onlyAlreadyEnrolled = flag.Bool("only_already_enrolled", false, "Only start agents that are already enrolled")
		nodeKeyFile         = flag.String("node_key_file", "", "File with node keys to use")

		commonSoftwareCount          = flag.Int("common_software_count", 10, "Number of common installed applications reported to fleet")
		commonSoftwareUninstallCount = flag.Int("common_software_uninstall_count", 1, "Number of common software to uninstall")
		commonSoftwareUninstallProb  = flag.Float64("common_software_uninstall_prob", 0.1, "Probability of uninstalling common_software_uninstall_count unique software/s")

		uniqueSoftwareCount          = flag.Int("unique_software_count", 10, "Number of uninstalls ")
		uniqueSoftwareUninstallCount = flag.Int("unique_software_uninstall_count", 1, "Number of unique software to uninstall")
		uniqueSoftwareUninstallProb  = flag.Float64("unique_software_uninstall_prob", 0.1, "Probability of uninstalling unique_software_uninstall_count common software/s")

		vulnerableSoftwareCount     = flag.Int("vulnerable_software_count", 10, "Number of vulnerable installed applications reported to fleet")
		withLastOpenedSoftwareCount = flag.Int("with_last_opened_software_count", 10, "Number of applications that may report a last opened timestamp to fleet")
		lastOpenedChangeProb        = flag.Float64("last_opened_change_prob", 0.1, "Probability of last opened timestamp to be reported as changed [0, 1]")
		commonUserCount             = flag.Int("common_user_count", 10, "Number of common host users reported to fleet")
		uniqueUserCount             = flag.Int("unique_user_count", 10, "Number of unique host users reported to fleet")
		policyPassProb              = flag.Float64("policy_pass_prob", 1.0, "Probability of policies to pass [0, 1]")
		orbitProb                   = flag.Float64("orbit_prob", 0.5, "Probability of a host being identified as orbit install [0, 1]")
		munkiIssueProb              = flag.Float64("munki_issue_prob", 0.5, "Probability of a host having munki issues (note that ~50% of hosts have munki installed) [0, 1]")
		munkiIssueCount             = flag.Int("munki_issue_count", 10, "Number of munki issues reported by hosts identified to have munki issues")
		osTemplates                 = flag.String("os_templates", "mac10.14.6", fmt.Sprintf("Comma separated list of host OS templates to use (any of %v, with or without the .tmpl extension)", allowedTemplateNames))
		emptySerialProb             = flag.Float64("empty_serial_prob", 0.1, "Probability of a host having no serial number [0, 1]")
	)

	flag.Parse()
	rand.Seed(*randSeed)

	if *onlyAlreadyEnrolled {
		// Orbit enrollment does not support the "already enrolled" mode at the
		// moment (see TODO in this file).
		*orbitProb = 0
	}

	if *commonSoftwareUninstallCount >= *commonSoftwareCount {
		log.Fatalf("Argument common_software_uninstall_count cannot be bigger than common_software_count")
	}
	if *uniqueSoftwareUninstallCount >= *uniqueSoftwareCount {
		log.Fatalf("Argument unique_software_uninstall_count cannot be bigger than unique_software_count")
	}

	var tmpls []*template.Template
	requestedTemplates := strings.Split(*osTemplates, ",")
	for _, nm := range requestedTemplates {
		if !strings.HasSuffix(nm, ".tmpl") {
			nm += ".tmpl"
		}
		if !validTemplateNames[nm] {
			log.Fatalf("Invalid template name: %s (accepted values: %v)", nm, allowedTemplateNames)
		}

		tmpl, err := template.ParseFS(templatesFS, nm)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatal("parse templates: ", err)
		}
		tmpls = append(tmpls, tmpl)
	}

	// Spread starts over the interval to prevent thundering herd
	sleepTime := *startPeriod / time.Duration(*hostCount)

	stats := &Stats{}
	go stats.runLoop()

	nodeKeyManager := &nodeKeyManager{}
	if nodeKeyFile != nil {
		nodeKeyManager.filepath = *nodeKeyFile
		nodeKeyManager.LoadKeys()
	}

	for i := 0; i < *hostCount; i++ {
		tmpl := tmpls[i%len(tmpls)]
		a := newAgent(i+1, *serverURL, *enrollSecret, tmpl, *configInterval, *queryInterval,
			softwareEntityCount{
				entityCount: entityCount{
					common: *commonSoftwareCount,
					unique: *uniqueSoftwareCount,
				},
				vulnerable:                   *vulnerableSoftwareCount,
				withLastOpened:               *withLastOpenedSoftwareCount,
				lastOpenedProb:               *lastOpenedChangeProb,
				commonSoftwareUninstallCount: *commonSoftwareUninstallCount,
				commonSoftwareUninstallProb:  *commonSoftwareUninstallProb,
				uniqueSoftwareUninstallCount: *uniqueSoftwareUninstallCount,
				uniqueSoftwareUninstallProb:  *uniqueSoftwareUninstallProb,
			}, entityCount{
				common: *commonUserCount,
				unique: *uniqueUserCount,
			},
			*policyPassProb,
			*orbitProb,
			*munkiIssueProb,
			*munkiIssueCount,
			*emptySerialProb,
		)
		a.stats = stats
		a.nodeKeyManager = nodeKeyManager
		go a.runLoop(i, *onlyAlreadyEnrolled)
		time.Sleep(sleepTime)
	}

	fmt.Println("Agents running. Kill with C-c.")
	<-make(chan struct{})
}

// numbers plus capital letters without I, L, O for readability
const serialLetters = "0123456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ"

func randSerial() string {
	b := make([]byte, 12)
	for i := range b {
		//nolint:gosec // not used for crypto, only to generate random serial for testing
		b[i] = serialLetters[rand.Intn(len(serialLetters))]
	}
	return string(b)
}