Fleetctl (pronounced "Fleet control") is a CLI tool for managing Fleet from the command line. Fleetctl enables a GitOps workflow with Fleet and osquery. With fleetctl, you can manage configurations, queries, packs, generate osquery installers, etc.
Fleetctl also provides a quick way to work with all the data exposed by Fleet without having to use the Fleet UI or work directly with the Fleet API.
You can use `fleetctl` to accomplish many tasks you would typically need to do through the UI(User Interface). You can even set up or apply configuration files to the Fleet server.
### Available commands
Much of the functionality available in the Fleet UI is also available in `fleetctl`. You can run queries, add and remove users, generate install packages to add new hosts, get information about existing hosts, and more! The following commands are available for use with `fleetctl`:
| preview | Start a preview deployment of the Fleet server |
| updates | Manage client updates |
| hosts | Manage Fleet hosts |
| vulnerability-data-stream | Download the vulnerability data stream |
| package | Create an Orbit installer package |
| help, h | Shows a list of commands or help for one command |
### Get more info about a command
Each command available to `fleetctl` has a help menu with additional information. To pull up the help menu, run `fleetctl <command> --help`, replacing `<command>` with the command you're looking up:
```
> fleetctl setup --help
```
You will see more info about the command, including the usage and information about any additional commands and options (or 'flags') that can be passed with it:
```
NAME:
fleetctl setup - Set up a Fleet instance
USAGE:
fleetctl setup [options]
OPTIONS:
--email value Email of the admin user to create (required) [$EMAIL]
--name value Name or nickname of the admin user to create (required) [$NAME]
--password value Password for the admin user (recommended to use interactive entry) [$PASSWORD]
--org-name value Name of the organization (required) [$ORG_NAME]
--config value Path to the fleetctl config file (default: "/Users/ksatter/.fleet/config") [$CONFIG]
--context value Name of fleetctl config context to use (default: "default") [$CONTEXT]
This section walks through setting up and configuring Fleet via the CLI. If you already have a running Fleet instance, skip ahead to [Logging in to an existing Fleet instance](#logging-in-to-an-existing-fleet-instance) to configure the `fleetctl` CLI.
For the sake of this tutorial, we will be using the local development Docker Compose infrastructure to run Fleet locally. This is documented in some detail in the [developer documentation](../Contributing/Building-Fleet.md#development-infrastructure), but the following are the minimal set of commands that you can run from the root of the repository (assuming that you have a working Go/JavaScript toolchain installed along with Docker Compose):
At this point, the MySQL database doesn't have any users in it. Because of this, Fleet is exposing a one-time setup endpoint. Before we can hit that endpoint (by running `fleetctl setup`), we have to first configure the local `fleetctl` context.
Now, since our Fleet instance is local in this tutorial, we didn't get a valid TLS certificate, so we need to run the following to configure our Fleet context:
```
fleetctl config set --address https://localhost:8080 --tls-skip-verify
[+] Set the address config key to "https://localhost:8080" in the "default" context
[+] Set the tls-skip-verify config key to "true" in the "default" context
```
Now, if you were connecting to a Fleet instance for real, you wouldn't want to skip TLS certificate verification, so you might run something like:
```
fleetctl config set --address https://fleet.corp.example.com
[+] Set the address config key to "https://fleet.corp.example.com" in the "default" context
[+] Fleet setup successful and context configured!
```
It's possible to specify the password via the `--password` flag or the `$PASSWORD` environment variable, but be cautious of the security implications of such an action. For local use, the interactive mode above is the most secure.
### Query hosts
To run a simple query against all hosts, you might run something like the following:
fleetctl config set --address https://fleet.corp.example.com
[+] Set the address config key to "https://fleet.corp.example.com" in the "default" context
fleetctl login
Log in using the standard Fleet credentials.
Email: mike@arpaia.co
Password:
[+] Fleet login successful and context configured!
```
Once your local context is configured, you can use the above `fleetctl` normally. See `fleetctl --help` for more information.
### Logging in with SAML (SSO) authentication
Users that authenticate to Fleet via SSO should retrieve their API token from the UI and set it manually in their `fleetctl` configuration (instead of logging in via `fleetctl login`).
1. Go to the "My account" page in Fleet (https://fleet.corp.example.com/profile). Click the "Get API token" button to bring up a modal with the API token.
The `fleetctl get <fleet-entity-here> > <configuration-file-name-here>.yml` command allows you retrieve the current configuration and create a new file for specified Fleet entity (queries, packs, etc.)
Now that `fleetctl` and the Fleet server is configured, it can be helpful to create an API-only user to use when running automated workflows. An API-only user can be given a role based on the abilities it needs. The default access level is `Observer`. For more information on roles, see the [user permissions documentation](./Permissions.md#user-permissions).
### Create an API-only user
To create your new API-only user, run `fleetctl user create` and pass values for `--name`, `--email`, and `--password`, and include the `--api-only` flag:
If you'd like your API-only user to have a different access level than the default `Observer` role, you can specify what level of access the new user should have using the `--global-role` flag:
When a new user is created, a password reset is needed before that user can perform queries. Since an API-only user cannot log in to the Fleet UI, this is done through the REST API. We'll be doing this through the terminal using `curl`.
First, log in to the new user account using `fleetctl login`. Once you're logged in successfully to the API-only user, set up a variable to hold the user's token:
Then use `curl` to send a required password reset request to the REST API through the terminal:
```
curl -d '{"new_password":"NewPassGoesHere"}' -H "Authorization: Bearer ${token}" -X POST https://fleet.corp.example.com/api/v1/fleet/perform_required_password_reset
```
If you see a response like this, the request was successful:
```
{
"user": {
"created_at": "2022-03-16T20:42:00Z",
"updated_at": "2022-03-16T20:42:00Z",
"id": 52,
"name": "API User",
"email": "api@example.com",
"force_password_reset": false,
"gravatar_url": "",
"sso_enabled": false,
"global_role": "observer",
"api_only": true,
"teams": []
}
}
```
While the original token is no longer valid, it's never a bad idea to clear variables out once you're done with them:
```
unset token
```
### Use fleetctl as the new user
Now that the password is reset, you will need to log in again using the updated password with `fleetctl login`. You'll now be able to perform tasks using `fleetctl` as your new API-only user.
### Switching users
If you would like to use your API user by default for automated workflows and still use `fleetctl` with your standard user account, you can set up your `fleetctl` config with a new `context` to hold the credentials for your admin user using the `--context` flag:
```
fleetctl config set --address https://fleet.corp.example.com --context admin
[+] Context "admin" not found, creating it with default values
[+] Set the address config key to "https://dogfood.fleetdm.com" in the "admin" context
```
Then log in using the `context` you just created and your usual Fleet credentials:
```
fleetctl login --context admin
Log in using the admin Fleet credentials.
Email: admin@example.com
Password:
[+] Fleet login successful and context configured!
```
Now, you can use the `context` flag to indicate which profile should be used rather than logging in and out every time you need to switch accounts. Running a command with no context will use the default profile (currently the new API-only user with `Observer` privileges):
```
fleetctl user create --email test@example.com --name "New User"
Error: Failed to create user: POST /api/v1/fleet/users/admin received status 403 forbidden: forbidden
```
The user creation failed because the API-only user doesn't have the right permissions. Running the command with the admin `context` specified will succeed:
```
$ fleetctl user create --email test@example.com --name "New User" --context admin
Fleet supports osquery's file carving functionality as of Fleet 3.3.0. This allows the Fleet server to request files (and sets of files) from osquery agents, returning the full contents to Fleet.
File carving data can be either stored in Fleet's database or to an external S3 bucket. For information on how to configure the latter, consult the [configuration docs](../Deploying/Configuration.md#s3-file-carving-backend).
Compression of the carve contents can be enabled with the `carver_compression` flag in osquery. When used, the carve results will be compressed with [Zstandard](https://facebook.github.io/zstd/) compression.
### Usage
File carves are initiated with osquery queries. Issue a query to the `carves` table, providing `carve = 1` along with the desired path(s) as constraints.
For example, to extract the `/etc/hosts` file on a host with hostname `mac-workstation`:
```
fleetctl query --hosts mac-workstation --query 'SELECT * FROM carves WHERE carve = 1 AND path = "/etc/hosts"'
```
The standard osquery file globbing syntax is also supported to carve entire directories or more:
fleetctl query --hosts mac-workstation --query 'SELECT * FROM carves WHERE carve = 1 AND path LIKE "/etc/%%"'
```
#### Retrieving carves
List the non-expired (see below) carves with `fleetctl get carves`. Note that carves will not be available through this command until osquery checks in to the Fleet server with the first of the carve contents. This can take some time from initiation of the carve.
To also retrieve expired carves, use `fleetctl get carves --expired`.
Contents of carves are returned as .tar archives, and compressed if that option is configured.
To download the contents of a carve with ID 3, use
Carve contents remain available for 24 hours after the first data is provided from the osquery client. After this time, the carve contents are cleaned from the database and the carve is marked as "expired".
The same is not true if S3 is used as the storage backend. In that scenario, it is suggested to setup a [bucket lifecycle configuration](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/object-lifecycle-mgmt.html) to avoid retaining data in excess. Fleet, in an "eventual consistent" manner (i.e. by periodically performing comparisons), will keep the metadata relative to the files carves in sync with what it is actually available in the bucket.
